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Werner Schroeter (7 April 1945 – 12 April 2010) was a German film director, screenwriter, and opera director known for his stylistic excess.〔Obituary ''New York Times'', 22 April 2010; page A26.〕〔Obituary ''London Guardian'', 23 April 2010.〕 Schroeter was cited by Rainer Werner Fassbinder as an influence both on his own work and on German cinema at large. ==Life and career== Schroeter started out as an underground filmmaker in 1967. Garnering a small cult following, the director also made his mark on the international festival circuit. Defying categorization, his films lie somewhere between ''avant-garde'' and art cinema. Magdalena Montezuma was a German underground star that became his muse until her death in 1985. Other notable actors to star in his films include: Bulle Ogier, Carole Bouquet, and Isabelle Huppert.〔 After attending the Film Festival at Knokke, Belgium in 1967, Schroeter made his first 8mm film, ''Maria Callas Portrait'', that consisted of animated stills of Callas overlaid with the sound of her singing.〔 ''Eika Katappa'' was his first feature, which mixes pop and opera. The film was self-financed and won the Joseph von Sternberg prize for “the most idiosynchratic film” at the 1969 Mannheim Film Festival. His “total cinema” films were predominantly produced by Das kleine Fernsehspiel (“The Little Television Play”), a small experimental department of the German public-service station. The company supported some of Schroeter’s most controversial projects including: ''(The Bomber Pilot )'' (70), ''(Salome )'' (71), ''(Macbeth )'' (71), and ''(Goldflocken )'' (76). ' marked the director’s shift toward more plot-driven films, commenting: “it is much more radical to play with the content than with the aesthetics of the image. The era of independence is over. Our society has not fulfilled the promises hoped for around ’68-’70.” The film won many prizes domestically and internationally and was his first commercial release〔 Schroeter had also worked in film as a producer, cinematographer, editor and actor. As an actor he appeared in several films directed by his friend Rainer Werner Fassbinder, including ''Beware of a Holy Whore'' (1971), and a number of theatre productions. During the second half of the 1980s, Schroeter became widely known as a theater and opera director both in Germany and abroad, returning to filmmaking in 1990 with ''Malina'', a literary adaptation starring Isabelle Huppert based on Ingeborg Bachmann’s novel. The film won the German Film Award in Gold. ''(Deux )'' also stars (and was written for) Huppert and premiered at Cannes in 2002, but didn’t get German distribution. His 1980 film ''Palermo oder Wolfsburg'', telling the story of a Sicilian guest worker in Germany, won the Golden Bear at the 30th Berlin International Film Festival,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Berlinale 1980: Prize Winners )〕 while his 1991 production ''Malina'' was entered into that year's Cannes Film Festival.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Festival de Cannes: Malina )〕 Although he is mainly known for elaborate and excessive camp fables, the director also made some hard-hitting documentaries including ''Smiling Star'' (83) and ''(For Example, Argentina )'' (83-85) about the Marcos regime in the Philippines and the Galtieri military dictatorship in Argentina, respectively. At the time of his death Schroeter had been organizing a photography exhibition with his art-dealer friend Christian Holzfuss featuring his own works, most of which were manipulated portraits of the many actresses with whom he had worked over the years. In 2011 a documentary about the director was made by Elfi Mikesch, a close friend and collaborator, entitled ''(Mondo Lux: The Visual Worlds of Werner Schroeter ) ''〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Werner Schroeter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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